The environment at the Amazon is certainly among the most difficult in the world.
Additionally, the changing positions of the river's course across the seasons, with "pronounced differences" in water depth, would make construction "extremely demanding." its extensive marshes and soft soils would necessitate "very long access viaducts and very deep foundations," and this would require hefty financial investment. It has an array of natural stumbling blocks that would need to be conquered by engineers and construction workers. The Amazon is far from an ideal location for bridge builders.
There are technical and logistical difficulties.
Long-time Slashdot reader fahrbot-bot shared this summary of the explanations (condensing quotes from the article): The site got answers from Walter Kaufmann, the chair of Structural Engineering at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich. So why is this the case? Are there fundamental difficulties with building such structures in a rainforest containing swaps, extensive wetlands and deep, thick undergrowth? Are there financial barriers? Or is it simply not worth the effort? Given the Amazon flows through three countries (Peru, Colombia and Brazil) and more than 30 million people live in the river's basin, according to the World Wildlife Fund, it seems somewhat improbable that no bridges span the river. The Amazon River is the world's second-longest river and one of the planet's most significant waterways. Despite being around 4,300 miles in length, the Amazon River surprisingly has no bridges.